In recent years, with the rapid development of data centers, the energy consumption problem of data centers has become more and more prominent. The energy management and power supply and distribution design of data centers have become hot issues. Reasonable and reliable data center power distribution system solutions , is a reasonable way to improve the power efficiency of the data center and reduce the energy consumption of the equipment. Combined with the relevant technical specifications, the advantages and disadvantages of the old and new power distribution schemes of a data center are analyzed, and a reference is provided for the design of the new modular computer room.

Key words: data center; terminal power distribution; column head cabinet

1. Background

With the development of science and technology, the number, scale, and power density of data centers continue to increase, and the construction level continues to improve. The power distribution system is the most important part of the data center. Power outages or low-quality power supply may cause server downtime. cause losses. How to optimize the design to improve the safety and reliability of the data center power supply to ensure the uninterrupted and stable operation of the electronic information system has become an important issue for data center designers. Compared with the traditional power supply and distribution scheme, whether there is a safe, economical and more stable power supply scheme is a problem that designers care about.

2. Power distribution scheme at the end of the data room

Project Overview

The total construction area of a data center is 1906.24 square meters, of which the total construction area of the data center is 210.6 square meters, including the 1F data room and the 1F communication room. The functional area includes the main engine room (computer room, communication room), management area (office, Internet equipment room, etc.) and auxiliary rooms.

Traditional power distribution scheme one

The 10kV high-voltage power supply is drawn from two different substation mains, and the high-voltage and low-voltage are not connected. The third power supply is drawn from the diesel generator of the power center. The main backup power supply and the generator power supply are switched at the outlet of the transformer to ensure the power consumption of the data center. The equipment uses electricity reliably. Considering that the capacity of a single generator is far less than 2500kW, and the number of generators has not reached more than 10, a 0.4kV low-voltage generator set is selected. The neutral point of the 0.4kV generator set shall be directly grounded, and the conductors connected between the star points of the generator shall be insulated. A total of 2 sets of 400kVA UPS systems are set up in the data center to form a 2N fault-tolerant system. The dual-circuit and dual-output cabinets can supply power for electronic information equipment and workstation sockets in the data center. The battery of the UPS system can provide continuous power supply for 15 minutes for all Grade ① loads. The single server load of the data center is considered as 3kW, and the maximum load does not exceed 4kW. In order to avoid the failure of the data center UPS during the power switching process to affect the normal operation of the important load, the switch ATS of the mains and diesel generators should be a four-level switch with PC-level and neutral line overlapping switching.

New power supply and distribution scheme 2

With technological innovation and the advocacy of the concept of green energy saving, the international TGG organization proposed PUE, a measure of the power efficiency of data centers. PUE is the ratio of all energy consumed by the data center to the energy used by IT loads, and is the inverse of DCIE. PUE = energy consumption of all equipment in the data center / energy consumption of IT equipment, PUE is a ratio, the benchmark is 2, the closer to 1, the better the energy efficiency level, the higher the green degree of a data center.

Through a large amount of data analysis, it is concluded that the high-voltage direct current (HVDC) power supply and distribution system, the AC-DC integrated power supply and distribution system, and the UPS+HVDC have higher working efficiency, which can improve the energy-saving index of the data center.

3. Comparison of new and old power supply and distribution system solutions

The output of the UPS power supply system is power frequency, and the filter loss is large, and the HVDC is high-frequency filtering and occupies a smaller area. The battery of the UPS is at the input end. If the UPS itself fails, the load will still lose power; while the battery of the HVDC is at the output end. Even if the HVDC itself fails, the battery can still supply power to the load to ensure uninterrupted power supply. The UPS power supply system has more intermediate links than the HVDC power supply system. The HVDC battery is directly connected to the bus bar, eliminating the need for the inverter link, and each multi-level intermediate link will reduce the conversion efficiency, resulting in increased energy consumption.

4. Acrel's solutions for HVDC solutions

Acrel's AMC16Z series DC power distribution monitoring device is a measurement device specially designed for data center server power management. The device is compact in design, and can monitor all electrical parameters, input and output switches, and lightning arrester status of A+B two incoming lines and 192 outgoing lines in real time. The alarm thresholds of all measurement channels can be set independently. The limited event immediately triggers the system sound and light alarm, and can be equipped with an insulation detection module, which can detect the insulation status of the DC system busbar and branch circuit for online real-time monitoring and management, and achieve a high degree of integration of the monitoring loop in the volume of the traditional instrument.

Product Module

System network diagram

5. Conclusion

Acrel has conducted a comprehensive analysis of the internal and external environment of the data center industry for a long time, conducted industry hot spot analysis on national policies and future development trends of the industry, predicted the future development direction of the industry, and improved various application solutions in its own industry. Customer needs, to meet the application needs of different customers.